Condensation of Non-Reversible Zero-Range Processes

In this article, we investigate the condensation phenomena for a class of nonreversible zero-range processes on a fixed finite set. By establishing a novel inequality bounding the capacity between two sets, and by developing a robust framework to perform quantitative analysis on the metastability of non-reversible processes, we prove that the condensed site of the corresponding zero-range processes approximately behaves as a Markov chain on the underlying graph whose jump rate is proportional to the capacity with respect to the underlying random walk. The results presented in the current paper complete the generalization of the work of Beltran and Landim [4] on reversible zero-range processes, and that of Landim [22] on totally asymmetric zero-range processes on a one-dimensional discrete torus.