English

Concave cocirculations in a triangular grid

Combinatorics 2010-11-15 v1

Abstract

Let G=(V(G),E(G))G=(V(G),E(G)) be a planar digraph embedded in the plane in which all inner faces are equilateral triangles (with three edges in each), and let the union \Rscr\Rscr of these faces forms a convex polygon. The question is: given a function σ\sigma on the boundary edges of GG, does there exist a concave function ff on \Rscr\Rscr which is affinely linear within each bounded face and satisfies f(v)f(u)=σ(e)f(v)-f(u)=\sigma(e) for each boundary edge e=(u,v)e=(u,v)? The functions σ\sigma admitting such an ff form a polyhedral cone CC, and when the region \Rscr\Rscr is a triangle, CC turns out to be exactly the cone of boundary data of honeycombs. Studing honeycombs in connection with a problem on spectra of triples of zero-sum Hermitian matrices, Knutson, Tao, and Woodward \cite{KTW} showed that CC is described by linear inequalities of Horn's type with respect to so-called {\em puzzles}, along with obvious linear constraints. The purpose of this paper is to give an alternative proof of that result, working in terms of discrete concave finctions, rather than honeycombs, and using only linear programming and combinatorial tools. Moreover, we extend the result to an arbitrary convex polygon \Rscr\Rscr.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.math/0304289,
  title  = {Concave cocirculations in a triangular grid},
  author = {Alexander V. Karzanov},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:math/0304289},
  year   = {2010}
}

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21 pages