English

Computed materials proposals depart from the structural memory of experimental discovery

Materials Science 2026-06-29 v1 Computational Physics

Abstract

Generative AI and high-throughput DFT pipelines propose millions of inorganic crystal structures, but lack a calibrated reference frame against experimentally realized chemistry. Here we embed 167,500 Inorganic Crystal Structure Database entries in a continuous structural-similarity space, partition it into graph communities, and replay them in time. Experimental discovery shows strong structural memory: 82.9% of new formulas enter pre-existing communities; new-community formation falls from 40.2% (1930s) to 2.6% (2010s). The communities are chemically meaningful, positively identifying nine textbook field-defining renaissances, including cuprates, colossal-magnetoresistance manganites, MAX phases, and Li-ion battery cathodes. Projecting GNoME, MatterGen-public, Materials Project, JARVIS-DFT, and Alexandria-PBE into frozen historical maps yields a cutoff-robust ordering: held-out ICSD > MatterGen > {GNoME ~ MP-theoretical} > JARVIS > Alexandria. Structural departure from experimental basins is not specific to generative AI but general across the tested computed sets. Combining structural proximity with reduced-formula precedent defines a historical synthesizability prior for triaging computed materials.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2606.30967,
  title  = {Computed materials proposals depart from the structural memory of experimental discovery},
  author = {Dan Nguyen and Karen Cao and Brian Chu and Nick Lemoff and Paul Kienzle and William Ratcliff},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2606.30967},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

20 pp main text, 10 pp Extended Data, 51 pp Supporting Information; 4 main + 5 ED figures, 3 ED tables. Joint first authors: D. Nguyen and K. Cao. Submitted to npj Comput. Mater. Derived artifacts: Zenodo doi:10.5281/zenodo.20046302. Code: github.com/scattering/crystal-communities-paper. Dashboard: crystalcommunities.org