Compile-once block encodings for masked similarity-transformed effective Hamiltonians
Abstract
We present COMPOSER, a compile-once modular parametric oracle for similarity-encoded effective reduction of electronic-structure operators (e.g., Schrieffer-Wolff-type constructions). Low-rank factorizations compress Hamiltonians and anti-Hermitian generators into rank-one bilinear and projected-quadratic ladders with near-linear scaling at fixed thresholds; each ladder admits deterministic, number-conserving preparation and a block encoding using constant number of signal ancillas. A fixed PREP-SELECT-PREP template multiplexes these ladders, and one QSP polynomial performs the spectral transformation with degree set by operator norms. For a fixed orbital pool and qubit register, the two-qubit fabric is compiled once; geometry, active-space (mask) updates, and truncations are absorbed by re-dialed single-qubit rotations. We introduce a mask-aware similarity-sandwich effective-Hamiltonian construction and benchmark stability under low-rank and second-order-perturation-guided screening. COMPOSER is an execution architecture: algorithmic errors (block-encoding and QSP approximation) are tunable for any supplied parameters, while physical accuracy depends on how those parameters are obtained if not refined.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2603.00761,
title = {Compile-once block encodings for masked similarity-transformed effective Hamiltonians},
author = {Bo Peng and Yuan Liu and Karol Kowalski},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.00761},
year = {2026}
}