Competing interlayer charge order and quantum monopole reorganization in bilayer Kagome spin ice via quantum annealing
Abstract
Frustrated magnets host emergent magnetic monopoles whose confinement and ordering are governed by two experimental handles that existing platforms cannot vary independently. We realize a bilayer Kagome spin ice across logical spins on a D-Wave Advantage2 quantum annealer, providing orthogonal control of monopole density through a quantum drive and of interlayer charge order through an independent coupling . Interlayer exchange drives a sharp ferroelectric-to-antiferroelectric Ice-II transition at , stable across five decades of annealing time and forbidden in any single-layer system. Restricting the charge structure factor to ice-rule plaquettes corrects a systematic order-of-magnitude underestimation in conventional all-plaquette estimators. The quantum renormalisation ratio converts the hardware gap into a concrete engineering target for transmon circuit-QED implementations. Three falsifiable predictions for existing NiFe nanowire bilayer architectures follow, all testable without new fabrication.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2603.27826,
title = {Competing interlayer charge order and quantum monopole reorganization in bilayer Kagome spin ice via quantum annealing},
author = {Kumar Ghosh},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.27826},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
14 pages, 14 figures