English

Compact Symmetric Objects -- III Evolution of the High-Luminosity Branch and a Possible Connection with Tidal Disruption Events

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena 2023-11-28 v2 Astrophysics of Galaxies

Abstract

We use a sample of 54 Compact Symmetric Objects (CSOs) to confirm that there are two unrelated CSO classes: an edge-dimmed, low-luminosity class (CSO~1), and an edge-brightened, high-luminosity class (CSO~2). Using blind tests, we show that CSO~2s consist of three sub-classes: CSO 2.0, having prominent hot-spots at the leading edges of narrow jets and/or narrow lobes; CSO~2.2, without prominent hot-spots, and with broad jets and/or lobes; and CSO~2.1, which exhibit mixed properties. Most CSO 2s do not evolve into larger jetted-AGN, but spend their whole life-cycle as CSOs of size \lesssim500 pc and age \lesssim5000 yr. The minimum energies needed to produce the radio luminosity and structure in CSO~2s range from  104Mc2\sim~10^{-4}\,M_\odot{c}^2 to 7Mc2\sim7\,M_\odot{c}^2. We show that the transient nature of most CSO~2s, and their birthrate, can be explained through ignition in the tidal disruption events of giant stars. We also consider possibilities of tapping the spin energy of the supermassive black hole, and tapping the energy of the accretion disk. Our results demonstrate that CSOs constitute a large family of AGN in which we have thus far studied only the brightest. More comprehensive CSO studies, with higher sensitivity, resolution, and dynamic range, will revolutionize our understanding of AGN and the central engines that power them.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2303.11361,
  title  = {Compact Symmetric Objects -- III Evolution of the High-Luminosity Branch and a Possible Connection with Tidal Disruption Events},
  author = {A. C. S. Readhead and V. Ravi and R. D. Blandford and A. G. Sullivan and J. Somalwar and M. C. Begelman and M. Birkinshaw and I. Liodakis and M. L. Lister and T. J. Pearson and G. B. Taylor and P. N. Wilkinson and N. Globus and S. Kiehlmann and C. R. Lawrence and D. Murphy and S. O'Neill and V. Pavlidou and E. Sheldahl and A. Siemiginowska and K. Tassis},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.11361},
  year   = {2023}
}

Comments

44 pages, 16 figures, 9 tables, accepted for publication