English

Colored loop-erased random walk on the complete graph

Probability 2007-05-23 v1 Combinatorics

Abstract

Starting from a sequence regarded as a walk through some set of values, we consider the associated loop-erased walk as a sequence of directed edges, with an edge from ii to jj if the loop erased walk makes a step from ii to jj. We introduce a coloring of these edges by painting edges with a fixed color as long as the walk does not loop back on itself, then switching to a new color whenever a loop is erased, with each new color distinct from all previous colors. The pattern of colors along the edges of the loop-erased walk then displays stretches of consecutive steps of the walk left untouched by the loop-erasure process. Assuming that the underlying sequence generating the loop-erased walk is a sequence of independent random variables, each uniform on [N]:={1,2,...,N}[N]:=\{1, 2, ..., N\}, we condition the walk to start at NN and stop the walk when it first reaches the subset [k][k], for some 1kN11 \leq k \leq N-1. We relate the distribution of the random length of this loop-erased walk to the distribution of the length of the first loop of the walk, via Cayley's enumerations of trees, and via Wilson's algorithm. For fixed NN and kk, and i=1,2,...i = 1,2, ..., let BiB_i denote the event that the loop-erased walk from NN to [k][k] has i+1i +1 or more edges, and the ithi^{th} and (i+1)th(i+1)^{th} of these edges are colored differently. We show that given that the loop-erased random walk has jj edges for some 1jNk1\leq j \leq N-k, the events BiB_i for 1ij11 \leq i \leq j-1 are independent, with the probability of BiB_i equal to 1/(k+i+1)1/(k+i+1). This determines the distribution of the sequence of random lengths of differently colored segments of the loop-erased walk, and yields asymptotic descriptions of these random lengths as NN \to \infty.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.math/0611775,
  title  = {Colored loop-erased random walk on the complete graph},
  author = {Jomy Alappattu and Jim Pitman},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:math/0611775},
  year   = {2007}
}

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11 pages