English

Clusters of Integers with Equal Total Stopping Times in the 3x + 1 Problem

Number Theory 2017-11-17 v3

Abstract

The clustering of integers with equal total stopping times has long been observed in the 3x + 1 Problem, and a number of elementary results about it have been used repeatedly in the literature. In this paper we introduce a simple recursively defined function C(n), and we use it to give a necessary and sufficient condition for pairs of consecutive even and odd integers to have trajectories which coincide after a specific pair-dependent number of steps. Then we derive a number of standard total stopping time equalities, including the ones in Garner (1985), as well as several novel results.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1709.02979,
  title  = {Clusters of Integers with Equal Total Stopping Times in the 3x + 1 Problem},
  author = {Mark D. LaDue},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1709.02979},
  year   = {2017}
}