Clustering and Proto-Clusters in the Early Universe
Abstract
The clustering properties of clusters, galaxies and AGN as a function of redshift are briefly discussed. It appears that extremely red objects at z ~ 1, and objects with J-K > 1.7 and photometric redshifts 2 < z_phot < 4 are highly clustered, indicating that a majority of these objects constitutes the progenitors of nearby ellipticals. Similarly clustered seem luminous radio galaxies at z\sim 1, indicating that these objects comprise a short lived phase in the lifetime of these red objects. The high level of clustering furthermore suggests that distant powerful radio galaxies (e.g. z>2) might be residing in the progenitors of nearby clusters -- proto-clusters. A number of observational projects targetting fields with distant radio galaxies, including studies of Lya and Ha emitters, Lyman break galaxies and (sub)mm and X-ray emitters, all confirm that such radio galaxies are located in such proto-clusters. Estimates of the total mass of the proto-clusters are similar to the masses of local clusters. If the total star formation rate which we estimate for the entire proto-clusters is sustained up to z~1, the metals in the hot cluster gas of local clusters can easily be accounted for.
Cite
@article{arxiv.astro-ph/0406213,
title = {Clustering and Proto-Clusters in the Early Universe},
author = {Huub Rottgering and Carlos De Breuck and Emanuele Daddi and Jaron Kurk and George Miley and Laura Pentericci and Roderik Overzier and Bram Venemans},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:astro-ph/0406213},
year = {2009}
}
Comments
to appear in the proceedings of the conference 'Multiwavelength mapping of galaxy evolution', held in Venice (Italy), October 2003, A. Renzini and R. Bender (Eds.), 8 pages, 2 figures