English

Classical and Loop Quantum Cosmology of Interacting Dark Energy: A Dynamical System Analysis with Superfluid Dark Matter and Dust Matter

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology 2026-07-02 v1

Abstract

We study the cosmological dynamics of interacting dark energy and dark matter in Classical Einstein Gravity and Loop Quantum Cosmology. Two dark matter scenarios are considered: superfluid dark matter described by a generalized cubic equation of state and the standard pressureless fluid. The dark energy component is modeled using both a generalized nonlinear equation of state and a constant equation of state. We examine two phenomenological interaction terms, Q=αρ˙mQ=\alpha\dot{\rho}_m and Q=βρ˙dQ=\beta\dot{\rho}_d, which govern the energy transfer between the dark sectors. In classical gravity, the pressureless matter model exhibits stable late-time attractors, whereas the superfluid dark matter model admits only saddle and non-hyperbolic critical points. Extending the analysis to Loop Quantum Cosmology, quantum geometric corrections replace the Big Bang singularity with a nonsingular quantum bounce, and significantly modify the phase-space dynamics. As a result, the stable attractors of the classical pressureless matter model disappear, and all interacting models possess only saddle and non-hyperbolic critical points. These findings highlight the significant influence of both dark matter properties and quantum gravitational effects on the asymptotic evolution of interacting dark-sectors.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2607.01724,
  title  = {Classical and Loop Quantum Cosmology of Interacting Dark Energy: A Dynamical System Analysis with Superfluid Dark Matter and Dust Matter},
  author = {Mohd Shahalam and K. Yerzhanov and G. Bauyrzhan and P. K. Dhankar},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2607.01724},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

19 pages, 2 figures