English

Circuit Satisfiability Problem for circuits of small complexity

Computational Complexity 2020-12-04 v2

Abstract

The following problem is considered. A Turing machine MM, that accepts a string of fixed length tt as input, runs for a time not exceeding a fixed value nn and is guaranteed to produce a binary output, is given. It's required to find a string XX such that M(X)=1M(X) = 1 effectively in terms of tt, nn, the size of the alphabet of MM and the number of states of MM. The problem is close to the well-known Circuit Satisfiability Problem. The difference from Circuit Satisfiability Problem is that when reduced to Circuit Satisfiability Problem, we get circuits with a rich internal structure (in particular, these are circuits of small Kolmogorov complexity). The proof system, operating with potential proofs of the fact that, for a given machine MM, the string XX does not exist, is provided, its completeness is proved and the algorithm guaranteed to find a proof of the absence of the string XX in the case of its actual absence is presented (in the worst case, the algorithm is exponential, but in a wide class of interesting cases it works in polynomial time). We present an algorithm searching for the string XX, for which its efficiency was neither tested, nor proven, and it may require serious improvement in the future, so it can be regarded as an idea. We also discuss first steps towards solving a more complex problem similar to this one: a Turing machine MM, that accepts two strings XX and YY of fixed length and running for a time that does not exceed a fixed value, is given; it is required to build an algorithm NN that builds a string Y=N(X)Y = N(X) for any string XX, such that M(X,Y)=1M(X, Y) = 1 (details in the introduction).

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2009.01139,
  title  = {Circuit Satisfiability Problem for circuits of small complexity},
  author = {Marsel Matdinov},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2009.01139},
  year   = {2020}
}

Comments

Translated into English, added one small section and a couple of paragraphs

R2 v1 2026-06-23T18:16:16.435Z