English

Chromatic $\lambda$-choosable and $\lambda$-paintable graphs

Combinatorics 2019-10-29 v1

Abstract

Let ϕ(k)\phi(k) be the minimum number of vertices in a non-kk-choosable kk-chromatic graph. The Ohba conjecture, confirmed by Noel, Reed and Wu, asserts that ϕ(k)2k+2\phi(k) \ge 2k+2. This bound is tight if kk is even. If kk is odd, then it is known that ϕ(k)2k+3\phi(k) \le 2k+3 and it is conjectured by Noel that ϕ(k)=2k+3\phi(k) = 2k+3. For a multi-set λ={k1,k2,,kq}\lambda=\{k_1,k_2, \ldots, k_q\} of positive integers, let kλ=i=1qkik_{\lambda} = \sum_{i=1}^q k_i. A λ\lambda-list assignment of GG is a kλk_{\lambda}-list assignment LL for which the colour set vV(G)L(v)\cup_{v \in V(G)}L(v) can be partitioned into the disjoint union C1C2CqC_1 \cup C_2 \cup \ldots \cup C_q of qq sets so that for each ii and each vertex vv of GG, L(v)Ciki|L(v) \cap C_i| \ge k_i. We say GG is λ\lambda-choosable if GG is LL-colourable for any λ\lambda-list assignment LL of GG. Let ϕ(λ)\phi(\lambda ) be the minimum number of vertices in a non-λ\lambda-choosable kλk_{\lambda}-chromatic graph. Let 1λ1_{\lambda} be the multiplicity of 11 in λ\lambda, and let oλo_{\lambda} be the number of elements in λ\lambda that are odd integers. We prove that if 1λkλ1_{\lambda} \ne k_{\lambda}, then 2kλ+1λ+2ϕ(λ)2kλ+oλ+22k_{\lambda}+1_{\lambda}+2 \leqslant \phi(\lambda ) \leqslant 2k_\lambda+ o_\lambda +2. In particular, if 1λ=oλ=t1_{\lambda}=o_{\lambda}=t, i.e. λ\lambda contains no odd integer greater than 11, then ϕ(λ)=2kλ+t+2\phi(\lambda ) = 2k_{\lambda}+t+2. We also prove that ϕ(λ)2kλ+51λ+3\phi(\lambda) \leqslant 2k_{\lambda}+5 1_{\lambda}+3. In particular, if 1λ=01_{\lambda}=0, then 2kλ+2ϕ(λ)2kλ+32k_{\lambda}+2 \leqslant \phi(\lambda) \leqslant 2k_{\lambda}+3.

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Cite

@article{arxiv.1910.12509,
  title  = {Chromatic $\lambda$-choosable and $\lambda$-paintable graphs},
  author = {Jialu Zhu and Xuding Zhu},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1910.12509},
  year   = {2019}
}

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11 pages