English

Chipmunq: A Fault-Tolerant Compiler for Chiplet Quantum Architectures

Quantum Physics 2026-03-26 v3

Abstract

As quantum computing advances toward fault-tolerance through quantum error correction, modular chiplet architectures have emerged to provide the massive qubit counts required while overcoming fabrication limits of monolithic chips. However, this transition introduces a critical compilation gap: existing frameworks cannot handle the scale of fault-tolerant quantum circuits while managing the noisy, sparse interconnects of chiplet backends. We present Chipmunq, the first hardware-aware compiler for mapping and routing fault-tolerant circuits onto modular architectures. Chipmunq employs a quantum-error-correction-aware partitioning strategy that preserves the integrity of logical qubit patches, preventing prohibitive gate overheads common in general-purpose compilers. Our evaluation demonstrates that Chipmunq achieves a 13.5x speedup in compilation time compared to state-of-the-art tools. By incorporating chiplet constraints and defective qubits, it reduces circuit depth by 86.4% and SWAP gate counts by 91.4% across varying code distances. Crucially, Chipmunq overcomes heterogeneous inter-chiplet links, improving logical error rates by up to two orders of magnitude.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2603.16389,
  title  = {Chipmunq: A Fault-Tolerant Compiler for Chiplet Quantum Architectures},
  author = {Peter Wegmann and Aleksandra Świerkowska and Emmanouil Giortamis and Pramod Bhatotia},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.16389},
  year   = {2026}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T11:23:59.927Z