We propose using Andreev bound states (ABS) as spectroscopic probes to characterize Majorana zero modes (MZMs) in quantum-dot based minimal Kitaev chains. Specifically, we show that tunneling conductance measurements with a superconducting probe hosting an ABS reveal four subgap peaks whose voltage positions and relative heights enable extraction of the MZM energy splitting and Bogoliubov-de Gennes coherence factors. This provides direct access to zero-splitting regimes and to the local Majorana polarization - a measure of the Majorana character. The method is compatible with existing experimental architectures and remains robust in extended chains.
@article{arxiv.2507.20591,
title = {Characterizing local Majorana properties using Andreev states},
author = {Miguel Alvarado and Alfredo Levy Yetati and Ramón Aguado and Rubén Seoane Souto},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.20591},
year = {2026}
}