English

Chandra Proper Motions and Milliarcsecond Astrometry of Nineteen Pulsars

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena 2026-02-23 v1

Abstract

We present X-ray proper motion (PM) measurements of 19 pulsars using new and archival data from the Chandra X-ray Observatory, including pulsar wind trails and X-ray filaments. Precise X-ray PMs are often limited by uncertainties in aligning observations to a common reference frame. Our analysis uses unresolved X-ray flux from stars in the Gaia catalog in addition to X-ray bright point sources for alignment, improving uncertainties. We obtain absolute positions referenced to Gaia with typical astrometric precision \sim10 mas and PM statistical uncertainties down to 1.3 mas yr1^{-1}, the most precise X-ray PM achieved to date. With our improved frame alignment, PM accuracies are now limited by the pulsar flux in most cases. These results reveal a new X-ray filament and illuminate the wind nebula structures and origins of several of these pulsars.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2602.18436,
  title  = {Chandra Proper Motions and Milliarcsecond Astrometry of Nineteen Pulsars},
  author = {Jack T. Dinsmore and Roger W. Romani},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.18436},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

11 + 3 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ