English

Bulk locality from modular flow

High Energy Physics - Theory 2018-04-16 v3

Abstract

We study the reconstruction of bulk operators in the entanglement wedge in terms of low energy operators localized in the respective boundary region. To leading order in NN, the dual boundary operators are constructed from the modular flow of single trace operators in the boundary subregion. The appearance of modular evolved boundary operators can be understood due to the equality between bulk and boundary modular flows and explicit formulas for bulk operators can be found with a complete understanding of the action of bulk modular flow, a difficult but in principle solvable task. We also obtain an expression when the bulk operator is located on the Ryu-Takayanagi surface which only depends on the bulk to boundary correlator and does not require the explicit use of bulk modular flow. This expression generalizes the geodesic operator/OPE block dictionary to general states and boundary regions.

Cite

@article{arxiv.1704.05464,
  title  = {Bulk locality from modular flow},
  author = {Thomas Faulkner and Aitor Lewkowycz},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1704.05464},
  year   = {2018}
}

Comments

36 pages, 2 figures

R2 v1 2026-06-22T19:20:28.645Z