Bulk-Boundary Correspondence in Semi-Infinite Chains from Sublattice Zeros

We provide an alternative derivation of the bulk-boundary correspondence for semi-infinite chains. To describe edge states, we analytically continue the usual Bloch Hamiltonian to complex wave vectors $k$. To start, we note that the zeros of a Bloch wavefunction are related to edge states, at least in systems with nearest-neighbour hoppings. We show that an analytically continued Bloch Hamiltonian with chiral symmetry has exceptional points, where two different states coalesce. These special points are related to the adiabatic protection of edge states. We derive a winding number that counts the number of topological edge states protected by chiral symmetry.