English

Bounds for the gamma function

Classical Analysis and ODEs 2017-05-18 v1

Abstract

We improve the upper bound of the following inequalities for the gamma function Γ\Gamma due to H. Alzer and the author. \begin{equation*} \exp\left(-\frac{1}{2}\psi(x+1/3)\right)<\frac{\Gamma(x)}{x^xe^{-x}\sqrt{2\pi}}<\exp\left(-\frac{1}{2}\psi(x)\right). \end{equation*} We also prove the following new inequalities: For x1x\geq1 2πxxex(x2+x3+a)14<Γ(x+1)<2πxxex(x2+x3+a)14 \sqrt{2\pi}x^xe^{-x}\left(x^2+\frac{x}{3}+a_*\right)^{\frac{1}{4}}<\Gamma(x+1)<\sqrt{2\pi}x^xe^{-x}\left(x^2+\frac{x}{3}+a^*\right)^{\frac{1}{4}} with the best possible constants a=e44π243=0.049653963176...a_*=\frac{e^4}{4\pi^2}-\frac{4}{3}=0.049653963176..., and a=1/18=0.055555...a^*=1/18=0.055555..., and for x0x\geq0 \begin{equation*} \exp\left[x\psi\left(\frac{x}{\log (x+1)}\right)\right]\leq\Gamma(x+1)\leq\exp\left[x\psi\left(\frac{x}{2}+1\right)\right], \end{equation*} where ψ\psi is the digamma function.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1705.06167,
  title  = {Bounds for the gamma function},
  author = {Necdet Batir},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1705.06167},
  year   = {2017}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-22T19:49:57.675Z