Biquandle Virtual Brackets and Virtual Knotoids
Algebraic Topology
2025-07-11 v1
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce invariants of virtual knotoids based on biquandles and biquandle virtual brackets. We show that one of these invariants, namely biquandle virtual bracket matrix, is a proper enhancement of the other invariants introduced in this paper.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2507.07612,
title = {Biquandle Virtual Brackets and Virtual Knotoids},
author = {Neslihan Gügümcü and Hamdi Kayaslan},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.07612},
year = {2025}
}
Comments
24 pages, 16 figures