Beyond Gemini-3-Pro: Revisiting LLM Routing and Aggregation at Scale
Abstract
Large Language Models (LLMs) have rapidly advanced, with Gemini-3-Pro setting a new performance milestone. In this work, we explore collective intelligence as an alternative to monolithic scaling, and demonstrate that open-source LLMs' collaboration can surpass Gemini-3-Pro. We first revisit LLM routing and aggregation at scale and identify three key bottlenecks: (1) current train-free routers are limited by a query-based paradigm focusing solely on textual similarity; (2) recent aggregation methods remain largely static, failing to select appropriate aggregators for different tasks;(3) the complementarity of routing and aggregation remains underutilized. To address these problems, we introduce JiSi, a novel framework designed to release the full potential of LLMs' collaboration through three innovations: (1) Query-Response Mixed Routing capturing both semantic information and problem difficulty; (2) Support-Set-based Aggregator Selection jointly evaluating the aggregation and domain capacity of aggregators; (3) Adaptive Routing-Aggregation Switch dynamically leveraging the advantages of routing and aggregation. Comprehensive experiments on nine benchmarks demonstrate that JiSi can surpass Gemini-3-Pro with only 47% costs by orchestrating ten open-source LLMs, while outperforming mainstream baselines. It suggests that collective intelligence represents a novel path towards Artificial General Intelligence (AGI).
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2601.01330,
title = {Beyond Gemini-3-Pro: Revisiting LLM Routing and Aggregation at Scale},
author = {Shengji Tang and Weihao Lin and Peng Ye and Jingqi Ye and Hao Li and Yiqun Zhang and Xiaosong Wang and Bo Zhang and Shuyue Hu and Tao Chen and Lei Bai and Wanli Ouyang},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.01330},
year = {2026}
}
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21 pages