Bayesian Analysis of Massive Boson Star Models for Sagittarius A* Using Near-Infrared Astrometry Data
Abstract
Assuming that the compact source at the Galactic center, Sagittarius A*, is a massive boson star, we fit the near-infrared flare astrometry data. We consider 12 discrete boson star configurations and model the flare as a hotspot on a circular equatorial orbit. The analysis is performed in a Bayesian framework using nested sampling, yielding the marginal posterior distributions of all parameters as well as the Bayesian evidence for each model. For comparison, the same procedure is applied to a Schwarzschild black hole. The resulting Bayesian evidence values differ only marginally between the boson star and black hole cases, and the well-determined mass of Sgr~A* () falls within the 68\% highest density interval in every configuration. We conclude that, under current near-infrared astrometric constraints and within the considered parameter ranges, a massive boson star and a Schwarzschild black hole remain statistically indistinguishable as the compact object at the Galactic center.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2605.09521,
title = {Bayesian Analysis of Massive Boson Star Models for Sagittarius A* Using Near-Infrared Astrometry Data},
author = {Xiangyu Wang and Tian-chi Ma and Minyong Guo and Hai-Qing Zhang},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.09521},
year = {2026}
}