Balanced pairs, virtually Gorenstein rings, and cotorsion torsion triples

For any ring $R$, we investigate balanced pairs of classes of modules and their relations to cotorsion triples. We characterize the case when a balanced pair generates a tilting cotorsion pair, and dually, when it cogenerates a cotilting cotorsion pair. If $R$ is right noetherian, we prove that the pair consisting of Gorenstein projective modules and Gorenstein injective modules is balanced if and only if $R$ is right virtually Gorenstein. In [4], cotorsion torsion triples in abelian categories were employed in the representation theory of rectangular grids occurring in persistent homology theory. For module categories, we use infinite dimensional tilting theory to completely classify all cotorsion torsion triples by means of $1$-resolving subcategories of $\rfmod R$, and to give an explicit 1-1 correspondence between the formally dual notions of cotorsion torsion triples of right $R$-modules and torsion cotorsion triples of left $R$-modules. This correspondence is bijective in case the underlying ring $R$ is left noetherian, but not in general.