English

Approximations of Functions With Essential Singularities with Applications to Painlev\'e's First Transcendent

Complex Variables 2026-03-05 v2

Abstract

In this work we develop an algorithmic procedure for associating a function defined on the Riemann surface of the log\log to given asymptotic data from a function at an essential singularity. We do this by means of rational approximations (Pad\'e approximants) used in tandem with Borel-\'Ecalle summation. Our method is capable of handling situations where classical methods either do not work or converge very slowly eg. We provide a general outline of the procedure and then apply it to generating approximate tritronqu\'ee solutions to Painlev\'e's first equation (PI\text{P}_\text{I}). Our approximations (including PI\text{P}_\text{I}) are written as a finite linear combination of exponential integrals Ei+\text{Ei}^+. Furthermore, we have explicit rational approximations for each Ei+\text{Ei}^+ and thus for the approximation as a whole. In addition to rational approximations of PI\text{P}_\text{I}, we provide the first hundred or so poles of a tritronqu\'ee solution with essentially arbitrary accuracy which is dependent upon the order of Pad\'e used.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2403.17170,
  title  = {Approximations of Functions With Essential Singularities with Applications to Painlev\'e's First Transcendent},
  author = {Nicholas Castillo},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2403.17170},
  year   = {2026}
}