English

Approximation of Fractals via Lagrange-type Superoscillations

Complex Variables 2026-07-06 v1

Abstract

We study the approximation of the Weierstrass function by means of superoscillating sequences. Superoscillatory functions are band-limited functions whose local oscillation rate can exceed the highest frequency contained in their Fourier spectrum. Starting from Lagrange-type interpolation at nodes in [1,1][-1,1], we construct a double-indexed family WN,n(x)\mathcal{W}_{N,n}(x) that approximates the truncated Weierstrass function WN(x)W_N(x) for each fixed truncation order~NN. We prove that if the number of interpolation nodes nNn_N grows sufficiently fast relative to the highest frequency bNπb^N\pi, namely bNπ/nN0b^N\pi/n_N\to 0, then WN,nN\mathcal{W}_{N,n_N} converges uniformly to the full Weierstrass function on every compact set. We also show that the two limits in NN and nn do \emph{not} commute: for any fixed~nn the series limNWN,n(x)\lim_{N\to\infty}\mathcal{W}_{N,n}(x) diverges for every x0x\neq 0, a phenomenon called the Divergence Wall.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2607.04961,
  title  = {Approximation of Fractals via Lagrange-type Superoscillations},
  author = {Francesco Mantovani and Daniele C. Struppa},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2607.04961},
  year   = {2026}
}