English

APPLE: An Evolution Code for Modeling Giant Planets

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics 2024-06-13 v2 Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics

Abstract

We introduce APPLE, a novel planetary evolution code designed specifically for the study of giant exoplanet and Jovian planet evolution in the era of Galileo, Juno, and Cassini. With APPLE, state-of-the-art equations of state for hydrogen, helium, ice, and rock are integrated with advanced features to treat ice/rock cores and metals in the gaseous envelope; models for helium rain and hydrogen/helium immiscibility; detailed atmosphere boundary tables that also provide self-consistent albedos and spectra; and options to address envelope metal gradients and stably-stratified regions. Our hope is that these purpose-built features of APPLE will help catalyze the development of the next generation of giant exoplanet and Jovian planet evolutionary models.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2404.14483,
  title  = {APPLE: An Evolution Code for Modeling Giant Planets},
  author = {Ankan Sur and Yubo Su and Roberto Tejada Arevalo and Yi-Xian Chen and Adam Burrows},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2404.14483},
  year   = {2024}
}

Comments

Accepted for publication in ApJ

R2 v1 2026-06-28T16:02:45.840Z