English

Anti-power $j$-fixes of the Thue-Morse word

Combinatorics 2023-06-22 v5

Abstract

Recently, Fici, Restivo, Silva, and Zamboni introduced the notion of a kk-anti-power, which is defined as a word of the form w(1)w(2)w(k)w^{(1)} w^{(2)} \cdots w^{(k)}, where w(1),w(2),,w(k)w^{(1)}, w^{(2)}, \ldots, w^{(k)} are distinct words of the same length. For an infinite word ww and a positive integer kk, define APj(w,k)AP_j(w,k) to be the set of all integers mm such that wj+1wj+2wj+kmw_{j+1} w_{j+2} \cdots w_{j+km} is a kk-anti-power, where wiw_i denotes the ii-th letter of ww. Define also Fj(k)=(2Z+1)APj(t,k)\mathcal{F}_j(k) = (2 \mathbb{Z}^+ - 1) \cap AP_j(\mathbf{t},k), where t\mathbf{t} denotes the Thue-Morse word. For all kZ+k \in \mathbb{Z}^+, γj(k)=min(APj(t,k))\gamma_j(k) = \min (AP_j(\mathbf{t},k)) is a well-defined positive integer, and for kZ+k \in \mathbb{Z}^+ sufficiently large, Γj(k)=sup((2Z+1)Fj(k))\Gamma_j(k) = \sup ((2 \mathbb{Z}^+ -1) \setminus \mathcal{F}_j(k)) is a well-defined odd positive integer. In his 2018 paper, Defant shows that γ0(k)\gamma_0(k) and Γ0(k)\Gamma_0(k) grow linearly in kk. We generalize Defant's methods to prove that γj(k)\gamma_j(k) and Γj(k)\Gamma_j(k) grow linearly in kk for any nonnegative integer jj. In particular, we show that 1/10lim infk(γj(k)/k)9/10\displaystyle 1/10 \leq \liminf_{k \rightarrow \infty} (\gamma_j(k)/k) \leq 9/10 and 1/5lim supk(γj(k)/k)3/2\displaystyle 1/5 \leq \limsup_{k \rightarrow \infty} (\gamma_j(k)/k) \leq 3/2. Additionally, we show that lim infk(Γj(k)/k)=3/2\displaystyle \liminf_{k \rightarrow \infty} (\Gamma_j(k)/k) = 3/2 and lim supk(Γj(k)/k)=3\displaystyle \limsup_{k \rightarrow \infty} (\Gamma_j(k)/k) = 3.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1808.01528,
  title  = {Anti-power $j$-fixes of the Thue-Morse word},
  author = {Marisa Gaetz},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1808.01528},
  year   = {2023}
}

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21 pages