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Another proofs of Zagier's formula for multiple zeta values and Murakami's formula for multiple $t$-values

Number Theory 2026-03-03 v1

Abstract

Let l1l\ge 1 be an integer. For any multiple index s=(s1,s2,,sl)Z1l\mathbf{s}=(s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_l)\in\mathbb{Z}_{\geq 1}^l with sl>1s_l>1, the multiple zeta value (MZV for short) is defined by \begin{align*} \zeta(s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_l):=\sum_{1\leq k_1<k_2<\cdots<k_l} \frac{1}{k_1^{s_1}k_2^{s_2}\cdots k_l^{s_l}} \end{align*} and the multiple tt-value is defined by \begin{align*} t(s_1,s_2,...,s_l):=\sum_{1\leq k_1<k_2<...<k_l} \frac{1}{(2k_1-1)^{s_1}(2k_2-1)^{s_2}...(2k_l-1)^{s_l}}, \end{align*} where if the index is empty, then we define the value t():=1t(\emptyset):=1. We denote by {a1,,ak}d\{a_1,\cdots,a_k\}^d the sequence formed by repeating the sequence {a1,,ak}\{a_1,\cdots,a_k\} exactly dd times. Let H(r,s)=ζ({2}r,3,{2}s)H(r,s)=\zeta(\{2\}^r,3,\{2\}^s) and T(r,s):=t({2}r,3,{2}s)T(r,s):=t(\{2\}^r,3,\{2\}^s). Zagier's formula for the multiple zeta values H(r,s)H(r,s) was an important and key ingredient in the proof of Hoffman's conjecture. In this paper, with the help of the Lei-Yu-Hong expressions for H(r,s)H(r,s) and T(r,s)T(r,s) as well as Lupu's identity about rational zeta series involving Riemann zeta values ζ(2n)\zeta(2n) and by establishing some identities about binomial coefficients and a result about Kronecker symbol and arithmetic functions, we present another proofs of Zagier's formula stating that for any nonnegative integers rr and ss, \begin{align*} H(r,s)=2\sum_{k=1}^{r+s+1}(-1)^k\Big[\binom{2k}{2r+2}-\Big(1-\frac{1}{2^{2k}}\Big) \binom{2k}{2s+1}\Big]\zeta(2k+1)\zeta(\{2\}^{r+s+1-k}), \end{align*} and Murakami's formula for the multiple tt-values T(r,s)T(r,s) asserting that \begin{align*} T(r,s)=\sum_{k=1}^{r+s+1}(-1)^{k-1} \Big[\binom{2k}{2r+1}+\binom{2k}{2s+1}\Big(1-\frac{1}{2^{2k}}\Big)\Big] \frac{1}{2^{2k}}\zeta(2k+1) t(\{2\}^{r+s+1-k}). \end{align*}

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Cite

@article{arxiv.2603.00673,
  title  = {Another proofs of Zagier's formula for multiple zeta values and Murakami's formula for multiple $t$-values},
  author = {Jinmin Yu and Shaofang Hong},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.00673},
  year   = {2026}
}

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18 pages