English

Angular Location of the $n^{th}$ Einstein Ring at large $n$

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology 2024-11-19 v3 Astrophysics of Galaxies High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena

Abstract

We perform a matched asymptotic expansion to find an analytic formula for the trajectory of a light ray in a Schwarzschild metric, in a power series expansion in the deviation of the impact parameter from its critical value. We present results valid to second sub leading order in this expansion. We use these results to find an analytic expansion for the angular location of the nthn^{th} Einstein Ring (at large nn) resulting from a star that lies directly behind a black hole but not necessarily far from it. The small parameter for this expansion is eπ(2n+1)e^{-\pi (2n+1)}: our formulae are accurate to third order in this parameter.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2310.16643,
  title  = {Angular Location of the $n^{th}$ Einstein Ring at large $n$},
  author = {Spandan Minwalla},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2310.16643},
  year   = {2024}
}

Comments

32 Pages, 7 figures: Figures improved, typographical errors corrected. Version published in IJTP

R2 v1 2026-06-28T13:01:35.790Z