English

Analyzing limits for in-context learning

Machine Learning 2025-11-10 v3 Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning

Abstract

Our paper challenges claims from prior research that transformer-based models, when learning in context, implicitly implement standard learning algorithms. We present empirical evidence inconsistent with this view and provide a mathematical analysis demonstrating that transformers cannot achieve general predictive accuracy due to inherent architectural limitations.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2502.03503,
  title  = {Analyzing limits for in-context learning},
  author = {Omar Naim and Jerome Bolte and Nicholas Asher},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.03503},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

39th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS 2025) Workshop What Can t Transformers Do?

R2 v1 2026-06-28T21:33:56.209Z