English

An unexpected Boolean connective

Logic 2021-02-11 v1 Logic in Computer Science

Abstract

We consider a 2-valued non-deterministic connective \wedge \hskip-5.5pt \vee defined by the table resulting from the entry-wise union of the tables of conjunction and disjunction. Being half conjunction and half disjunction we named it platypus. The value of \wedge \hskip-5.5pt \vee is not completely determined by the input, contrasting with usual notion of Boolean connective. We call non-deterministic Boolean connective any connective based on multi-functions over the Boolean set. In this way, non-determinism allows for an extended notion of truth-functional connective. Unexpectedly, this very simple connective and the logic it defines, illustrate various key advantages in working with generalized notions of semantics (by incorporating non-determinism), calculi (by allowing multiple-conclusion rules) and even of logic (moving from Tarskian to Scottian consequence relations). We show that the associated logic cannot be characterized by any finite set of finite matrices, whereas with non-determinism two values suffice. Furthermore, this logic is not finitely axiomatizable using single-conclusion rules, however we provide a very simple analytical multiple-conclusion axiomatization using only two rules. Finally, deciding the associated multiple-conclusion logic is coNP-complete, but deciding its single-conclusion fragment is in P.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2102.05404,
  title  = {An unexpected Boolean connective},
  author = {Sérgio Marcelino},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2102.05404},
  year   = {2021}
}

Comments

19 pages, Am\'ilcar Sernadas Logic Prize 2021

R2 v1 2026-06-23T23:01:38.366Z