An efficient numerical method for simulating two-dimensional non-periodic metasurfaces
Abstract
Metasurfaces are extremely useful for controlling and manipulating electromagnetic waves. Full-wave numerical simulation is highly desired for their design and optimization, but it is notoriously difficult, even for two-dimensional metasurfaces, when they comprise a huge number of subwavelength elements. This paper focuses on two-dimensional non-periodic metasurfaces that contain only a relatively small number of distinct subwavelength elements. We develop an efficient numerical method based on Neumann-to-Dirichlet operators, the finite element method and local function expansions. Our method drastically reduces the total number of unknowns and is capable of simulating two-dimensional metasurfaces with subwavelength elements on a personal computer. Numerical examples demonstrate that the method maintains high accuracy while offering significant advantages in both computational time and memory usage compared to the classical full-domain finite element method, making it particularly suited for the analysis of large metasurfaces.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2601.12674,
title = {An efficient numerical method for simulating two-dimensional non-periodic metasurfaces},
author = {Fuhao Liu and Ya Yan Lu},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.12674},
year = {2026}
}