Creating materials that do not exist in nature can lead to breakthroughs in science and technology. Magnetic skyrmions are topological excitations that have attracted great attention recently for their potential applications in low power, ultrahigh density memory. A major challenge has been to find materials that meet the dual requirement of small skyrmions stable at room temperature. Here we meet both these goals by developing epitaxial FeGe films with excess Fe using atomic layer molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) far from thermal equilibrium. Our novel atomic layer design permits the incorporation of 20% excess Fe while maintaining a non-centrosymmetric crystal structure supported by theoretical calculations and necessary for stabilizing skyrmions. We show that the Curie temperature is well above room temperature, and that the skyrmions probed by topological Hall effect have sizes down to 15 nm as imaged by Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM) and magnetic force microscopy (MFM). Our results illustrate new avenues for creating artificial materials tailored at the atomic scale that can impact nanotechnology.
@article{arxiv.2303.05106,
title = {An Atomically Tailored Chiral Magnet with Small Skyrmions at Room Temperature},
author = {Tao Liu and Camelia M. Selcu and Binbin Wang and Núria Bagués and Po-Kuan Wu and Timothy Q. Hartnett and Shuyu Cheng and Denis Pelekhov and Roland A. Bennett and Joseph Perry Corbett and Jacob R. Repicky and Brendan McCullian and P. Chris Hammel and Jay A. Gupta and Mohit Randeria and Prasanna V. Balachandran and David W. McComb and Roland K. Kawakami},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.05106},
year = {2024}
}