Algebraic capacities as tropical polynomials over the reduced $c_1$-positive symplectic cone

In a series of work [Wor22], [Wor21] and [CW20], algebraic capacities were introduced in an algebraic manner for polarized algebraic surfaces and applied to the symplectic embedding problems. In this paper, we give a reformulation of algebraic capacities in terms of only a tamed pair of symplectic form and almost complex structure. We show that they actually only depend on the cohomology class of the symplectic form for a rational manifold. Since it is not known that any symplectic form on a rational manifold is K\"{a}hler, this novel formulation potentially is more general on a rational manifold. Additionally, for manifolds with $b^+=1$, we derive asymptotic results that are parallel to the context of ECH(Embedded Contact Homology) and algebraic settings. When assuming $c_1\cdot [\omega]>0$ on rational manifolds, we further introduce a sequence of tropical polynomials which will succinctly describe those capacities viewed as functions over the domain parametrizing such symplectic forms. As an application, we give a purely symplectic proof of the correspondence between algebraic capacities and ECH capacities for smooth toric surfaces.