Human involvement is critical in training and deploying AI systems in high-stakes defence and security contexts. However, real-time interaction is impractical in HPC environments due to compute intensity and resource constraints. We present a workflow framework that enables asynchronous human-AI collaboration across hybrid infrastructures, including HPC clusters, local machines, and cloud platforms. Workflows can pause at defined checkpoints for human input without halting underlying compute jobs, preventing idle resources and enabling non-blocking supervision. The framework supports interaction with SLURM-based scheduling, containerized and native tasks, and is customized for scenarios requiring human judgment and adaptability. We demonstrate its application in model training on systems like MareNostrum 5, highlighting benefits in portability, efficiency, and oversight in operational AI workflows.
@article{arxiv.2605.03743,
title = {A Workflow-Oriented Framework for Asynchronous Human-AI Collaboration in Hybrid and Compute-Intensive HPC Environments},
author = {Sergio Mendoza and Cedric Bhihe and Natalia Zamora and David Modesto and Jose Martin Bugallo Batalla and Jesus Gomez Canovas and Rafel Palomo Avellaneda and Miguel Perez Espinosa},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.03743},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
Accepted manuscript. 14 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Published in Proceedings of SPIE, volume 13679, Artificial Intelligence for Security and Defence Applications III