English

A Simplified Algorithm for Joint Real-Time Synchronization, NLoS Identification, and Multi-Agent Localization

Signal Processing 2025-07-29 v1

Abstract

Real-time, high-precision localization in large-scale wireless networks faces two primary challenges: clock offsets caused by network asynchrony and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) conditions. To tackle these challenges, we propose a low-complexity real-time algorithm for joint synchronization and NLoS identification-based localization. For precise synchronization, we resolve clock offsets based on accumulated time-of-arrival measurements from all the past time instances, modeling it as a large-scale linear least squares (LLS) problem. To alleviate the high computational burden of solving this LLS, we introduce the blockwise recursive Moore-Penrose inverse (BRMP) technique, a generalized recursive least squares approach, and derive a simplified formulation of BRMP tailored specifically for the real-time synchronization problem. Furthermore, we formulate joint NLoS identification and localization as a robust least squares regression (RLSR) problem and address it by using an efficient iterative approach. Simulations show that the proposed algorithm achieves sub-nanosecond synchronization accuracy and centimeter-level localization precision, while maintaining low computational overhead.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2412.12677,
  title  = {A Simplified Algorithm for Joint Real-Time Synchronization, NLoS Identification, and Multi-Agent Localization},
  author = {Yili Deng and Jie Fan and Jiguang He and Baojia Luo and Miaomiao Dong and Zhongyi Huang},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2412.12677},
  year   = {2025}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-28T20:38:28.739Z