English

A Separation of NP and coNP in Multiparty Communication Complexity

Computational Complexity 2022-03-29 v1

Abstract

We prove that NP differs from coNP and coNP is not a subset of MA in the number-on-forehead model of multiparty communication complexity for up to k = (1-\epsilon)log(n) players, where \epsilon>0 is any constant. Specifically, we construct a function F with co-nondeterministic complexity O(log(n)) and Merlin-Arthur complexity n^{\Omega(1)}. The problem was open for k > 2.

Cite

@article{arxiv.1004.0817,
  title  = {A Separation of NP and coNP in Multiparty Communication Complexity},
  author = {Dmytro Gavinsky and Alexander A. Sherstov},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1004.0817},
  year   = {2022}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-21T15:06:55.373Z