English

A Relationship between the Comoving Particle Number and the Effective Cosmological Constant

General Physics 2012-05-07 v1 General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology

Abstract

In order to discuss and obtain the remaining inflaton potential, we introduced an idea called "effective static friction" in our last paper to balance the "force", dVdϕϕ=ϕ(trest)\frac{dV}{d\phi}|_{\phi=\phi(t_{rest})}, of inflaton. According to this idea, we now discover that, after the course of particle creation, there will be a relationship between the final relativistic particle number inside an arbitrary chosen comoving volume Nr(trest)N_r(t_{rest}) and the effective cosmological constant Λ\Lambda in our Universe. This relationship can be expressed as Nr(trest)=(2mϕ2Λ4πGσ2(trest))3/2N_r(t_{rest})=(\frac{\ell^2m_\phi^2\Lambda}{4\pi G\sigma^2(t_{rest})})^{3/2} when we employ the classical chaotic model, V(ϕ)=1/2mϕ2ϕ2V(\phi)=1/2m_{\phi}^2\phi^2, and consider that ϕ\phi comes to rest at trestt_{rest}. Moreover, we obtain an evolution equation for the particle number (Nr(t)N_r(t)) inside the comoving volume. Meanwhile, a new inflaton field equation which contains parameters of Nr(t)N_r(t) and "particle creation coefficients" can also be found. Importantly, the results illustrate the fact that Λ\Lambda and NrN_r are the results of probability.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1205.0936,
  title  = {A Relationship between the Comoving Particle Number and the Effective Cosmological Constant},
  author = {Yu-chung Chen},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1205.0936},
  year   = {2012}
}

Comments

34 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables

R2 v1 2026-06-21T20:58:39.200Z