English

A refinement of Pawlowski's result

Complex Variables 2025-08-11 v7

Abstract

Let F(z)=k=1n(zzk)F(z) = \prod_{k=1}^{n}(z - z_k) be a monic complex polynomial of degree nn whose zeros satisfy max1knzk1\max\limits_{1 \le k \le n} |z_k| \le 1. Paw{\l}owski [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 350(11) (1998)] considered the radius γn\gamma_n of the smallest disk, centered at the centroid 1nk=1nzk\frac{1}{n}\sum_{k=1}^n z_k, containing at least one critical point of FF, establishing the bound γn2n1n1n2n1+1\gamma_n \le \frac{2\,n^{\frac{1}{n-1}}}{n^{\frac{2}{n-1}} + 1}. In this paper, inspired by the spirit of Borcea's variance conjectures and leveraging the classical Schoenberg inequality, we significantly refine Paw{\l}owski's estimate by proving succinctly and elegantly that γnn2n1\gamma_n \le \sqrt{\frac{n - 2}{n - 1}}. This result also represents a rare and noteworthy application of Schoenberg's inequality to the geometry of polynomial critical points.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2411.07105,
  title  = {A refinement of Pawlowski's result},
  author = {Teng Zhang},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2411.07105},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

8 pages. This is the final version that appeared in Proc. Amer. Math. Soc