A quantum ring gyroscope based on coherence de Broglie waves

In a Mach-Zenhder interferometer (MZI), the highest precision for a measurement error is given by vacuum fluctuations of quantum mechanics, resulting in a shot noise limit1,2,3,4,5. Because the intensity measurement in an MZI is correlated with the phase difference, the precision measurement ({\Delta}n) is coupled with the phase resolution ({\Delta}{\phi}) by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Quantum metrology offers a different solution to this precision measurement using nonclassical light such as squeezed light or higher-order entangled-photon pairs, resulting in a smaller {\Delta}{\phi} for the same {\Delta}n3,4,5,6,7,8. Here, we propose another method for the high precision measurement overcoming the Heisenberg photon-phase relation, where the smaller {\Delta}{\phi} is achieved by phase quantization in a coupled interferometric system via coherence de Broglie waves (CBWs)9,10. For a potential application of the proposed method, a quantum ring gyroscope is presented as a quantum version of the conventional ring laser gyroscope used for inertial navigation and geodesy11-13.