English

A Proof of Rauzy's Conjecture on Abelian Complexity

Combinatorics 2026-05-05 v1 Dynamical Systems

Abstract

A celebrated theorem by Coven and Hedlund (1973) states that Sturmian words are characterized by their abelian complexity: they are precisely the infinite words with rationally independent letter frequencies and constant abelian complexity equal to 2. In this article, we prove a conjecture of Rauzy (1983), showing that there do not exist infinite ternary words with rationally independent letter frequencies and constant abelian complexity equal to 3.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2605.01577,
  title  = {A Proof of Rauzy's Conjecture on Abelian Complexity},
  author = {Mélodie Andrieu and Léo Vivion},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.01577},
  year   = {2026}
}