A partitioned manifold index theorem for noncompact hypersurfaces

Roe's partitioned manifold index theorem applies when a complete Riemannian manifold $M$ is cut into two pieces along a compact hypersurface $N$. It states that a version of the index of a Dirac operator on $M$ localized to $N$ equals the index of the corresponding Dirac operator on $N$. This yields obstructions to positive scalar curvature, and implies cobordism invariance of the index of Dirac operators on compact manifolds. We generalize this result to cases where $N$ may be noncompact, under assumptions on the way it is embedded into $M$. This results in an equality between two classes in the $K$-theory of the Roe algebra of $N$. Bunke and Ludewig, and Engel and Wulff, have recently obtained related results based on different approaches.