A Lightweight Method for Multiple Signal Direction Estimation with Adaptive Notch Filters
Abstract
For multi-signal detection and direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation, conventional Capon beamforming degrades when there are more transmitters than receive antennas minus one. This paper proposes a lightweight method using adaptive notch filters (ANFs) with only two receive antennas for simultaneous DoA of two or more narrowband signals. Cascaded ANF stages form isolated channels per signal, and Capon estimates direction on each. The method has very low computational cost, and in simulation, for transmitters separable in time, frequency, and angle, performance approaches that of an oracle with prior signal knowledge. As with ANFs themselves, multiple components at closely spaced frequencies are poorly resolved, forming the main limitation of the proposed method. Simulations are complemented by an experimental implementation on a low-cost software-defined radio (ADALM-Pluto).
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2605.28361,
title = {A Lightweight Method for Multiple Signal Direction Estimation with Adaptive Notch Filters},
author = {Burak Soner},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.28361},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
Original article language is Turkish. This author version has the English-translated version before the original Turkish version. Accepted for presentation at S\.IU 2026. Final Turkish version to appear in IEEE Xplore