A Kerr Polarization Controller
Abstract
Kerr-effect-induced changes of the polarization state of light are well known in pulsed laser systems. An example is nonlinear polarization rotation, which is critical to the operation of many types of mode-locked lasers. Here, we demonstrate that the Kerr effect in a high-finesse Fabry-P\'erot resonator can be utilized to control the polarization of a continuous wave laser. It is shown that a linearly-polarized input field is converted into a left- or right-circularly-polarized field, controlled via the optical power. The observations are explained by Kerr-nonlinearity induced symmetry breaking, which splits the resonance frequencies of degenerate modes with opposite polarization handedness in an otherwise symmetric resonator. The all-optical polarization control is demonstrated at threshold powers down to 7 mW. The physical principle of such Kerr effect-based polarization controllers is generic to high-Q Kerr-nonlinear resonators and could also be implemented in photonic integrated circuits. Beyond polarization control, the spontaneous symmetry breaking of polarization states could be used for polarization filters or highly sensitive polarization sensors when operated close to the symmetry-breaking point.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2104.13892,
title = {A Kerr Polarization Controller},
author = {Niall Moroney and Leonardo Del Bino and Shuangyou Zhang and Michael T. M. Woodley and Lewis Hill and Thibault Wildi and Valentin J. Wittwer and Thomas Südmeyer and Gian-Luca Oppo and Michael. R. Vanner and Victor Brasch and Tobias Herr and Pascal Del'Haye},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.13892},
year = {2022}
}