A Hurewicz Theorem for $RO(C_2)$-graded Equivariant Homology Governed by Vector Fields on Spheres

We determine the $RO(C_2)$-graded Hurewicz images of the $C_2$-equivariant Eilenberg--MacLane spectra $H\underline{\mathbb F_2}$, $H\underline{\mathbb Z}$ and $H\underline{A}$, where $\underline{\mathbb F_2}$ and $\underline{\mathbb Z}$ denote the constant Mackey functors with values in $\mathbb F_2$ and $\mathbb Z$, respectively, and $\underline A$ denotes the Burnside Mackey functor. Surprisingly, the answer is closely tied to the problem of vector fields on spheres: the element $\frac{\theta}{\rho^k\tau^n}$ in the negative cone of the homotopy groups of $H\underline{\mathbb F_2}$ lies in the Hurewicz image if and only if $S^n$ admits $k$ linearly independent vector fields. Moreover, using the Generalized Leibniz Rule and the Generalized Mahowald Trick introduced by arXiv:2412.10879, we show that there are nonzero Adams differentials of arbitrary length supported by filtration-$0$ elements in the genuine $C_2$-equivariant Adams spectral sequence.