The four-dimensional nonlinear model is extended to include the inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering, enabling accurate prediction of dual-polarization four-dimensional modulation formats and probabilistically shaped constellations in high-dispersion regimes. The proposed model is validated via comparisons with the split-step Fourier method and enhanced Gaussian noise model.
@article{arxiv.2509.10009,
title = {A General Nonlinear Model for Arbitrary Modulation Formats in the Presence of Inter-Channel Simulated Raman Scattering},
author = {Zhiwei Liang and Bin Chen and Jiwei Xu and Yi Lei and Qingqing Hu and Fan Zhang and Gabriele Liga},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.10009},
year = {2025}
}