A Floquet-Rydberg quantum simulator for confinement in $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge theories
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of quantum technologies have opened up the road for the realization of small-scale quantum simulators of lattice gauge theories which, among other goals, aim at improving our understanding on the non-perturbative mechanisms underlying the confinement of quarks. In this work, considering periodically-driven arrays of Rydberg atoms in a tweezer ladder geometry, we devise a scalable Floquet scheme for the quantum simulation of the real-time dynamics in a LGT. Resorting to an external magnetic field to tune the angular dependence of the Rydberg dipolar interactions, and by a suitable tuning of the driving parameters, we manage to suppress the main gauge-violating terms, and show that an observation of gauge-invariant confinement dynamics in the Floquet-Rydberg setup is at reach of current experimental techniques. Depending on the lattice size, we present a thorough numerical test of the validity of this scheme using either exact diagonalization or matrix-product-state algorithms for the periodically-modulated real-time dynamics.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2311.16758,
title = {A Floquet-Rydberg quantum simulator for confinement in $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge theories},
author = {Enrico C. Domanti and Dario Zappalà and Alejandro Bermudez and Luigi Amico},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2311.16758},
year = {2025}
}
Comments
Main: 4 pages, 4 figures. Supplemental Material: 4 pages, 1 figure