English

A corrective agentic hybrid RAG and an operations-grounded evaluation for a scientific facility

Accelerator Physics 2026-07-27 v1 Artificial Intelligence Information Retrieval

Abstract

Scientific user facilities accumulate decades of operational knowledge that no single search index covers: electronic logbooks, technical documents, internal wikis, operations chat messages, maintenance records, and live control-system data. We present APS-RAG, Advanced Photon Source Retrieval Augmented Generation, a deployed platform that makes the institutional knowledge at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) accessible to staff through natural-language queries, along with an operations-grounded evaluation. The retrieval engine fuses dense, sparse, and knowledge-graph (KG) channels with query-type-adaptive reciprocal-rank fusion, adds a corrective agentic loop, and runs a native-tool ReAct executor over a Model Context Protocol (MCP) tooling layer. We construct APS-Bench, a 50-question, question-answering (QA) dataset with auditable gold answers. Every retrieval-augmented variant numerically improves strict vital-nugget recall over a naive BM25 baseline (63.8%), with the full corrective Agentic GraphRAG scoring (70.3%). The cross-encoder reranker contributes significantly to answer quality: removing it and allowing the LLM to score relevance drastically reduces strict vital recall by 32.8%. The graph channel and corrective loop contribute positively as expected, but the performance gains are marginal. Additionally, we also compare the performance of open-source and closed-source LLMs in final answer synthesis. We release the APS-Bench construction methodology, the six-layer evaluation harness, and the underlying codebase, along with the '/aps-rag' retrieval agent skill framework, to support reproduction and adoption at other facilities. Together, the deployed platform and its operations-grounded evaluation present a promising workflow for trustworthy, statistically grounded AI assistance in facility operations, transferable to other large scientific instruments.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2607.24663,
  title  = {A corrective agentic hybrid RAG and an operations-grounded evaluation for a scientific facility},
  author = {Rajat Sainju and Dariusz Jarosz and Hairong Shang and Michael Prince and Ryan M. Aydelott and Mathew J. Cherukara and Yine Sun and Michael D. Borland},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2607.24663},
  year   = {2026}
}