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Cryptography and Security 2021-04-27 v1

Abstract

What is the funniest number in cryptography? 0. The reason is that for all x, x*0 = 0, i.e., the equation is always satisfied no matter what x is. This article discusses crypto bugs in four BLS signatures' libraries (ethereum/py ecc, supranational/blst, herumi/bls, sigp/milagro bls) that revolve around 0. Furthermore, we develop "splitting zero" attacks to show a weakness in the proof-of-possession aggregate signature scheme standardized in BLS RFC draft v4. Eth2 bug bounties program generously awarded $35,000 in total for the reported bugs.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2104.12255,
  title  = {0},
  author = {Quan Thoi Minh Nguyen},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.12255},
  year   = {2021}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-24T01:30:04.591Z