Homecs.ROarXiv:2605.30280

Qwen-VLA: Unifying Vision-Language-Action Modeling across Tasks, Environments, and Robot Embodiments

Abstract

Embodied intelligence is often studied through specialized models for individual tasks such as manipulation or navigation, resulting in fragmented capabilities and limited generalization across tasks, environments, and robot embodiments. In this work, we study whether heterogeneous embodied decision-making problems can be unified within a single vision-language-action model. We present Qwen-VLA, a unified embodied foundation model that extends Qwen's vision-language modeling stack from perception, understanding, and reasoning to continuous action and trajectory generation through a DiT-based action decoder. Qwen-VLA is trained with a large-scale joint pretraining recipe over diverse data sources, including robotics manipulation trajectories, human egocentric demonstrations, synthetic simulation data, vision-and-language navigation data, trajectory-centric supervision, and auxiliary vision-language data. To support multiple robot platforms, we introduce embodiment-aware prompt conditioning, where robot-specific textual descriptions specify the current embodiment and control convention. We further cast manipulation, navigation, and trajectory prediction into a unified action-and-trajectory prediction framework, enabling transferable visual grounding, spatial reasoning, and continuous action generation across robot morphologies, task families, and environments. Experiments on manipulation, navigation, and trajectory-centric benchmarks show consistent multi-task performance and out-of-distribution generalization under variations in scene layout, background, lighting, object configuration, and robot embodiment. Qwen-VLA-Instruct achieves 97.9% on LIBERO, 73.7% on Simpler-WidowX, 86.1%/87.2% on RoboTwin-Easy/Hard, 69.0% OSR on R2R, 59.6% SR on RxR, 76.9% average OOD success in real-world ALOHA experiments, and 26.6% zero-shot success on DOMINO dynamic manipulation.

Comments: 34 pages

Cite

@article{arxiv.2605.30280,
  title  = {Qwen-VLA: Unifying Vision-Language-Action Modeling across Tasks, Environments, and Robot Embodiments},
  author = {Qiuyue Wang and Mingsheng Li and Jian Guan and Jinhui Ye and Sicheng Xie and Yitao Liu and Junhao Chen and Zhixuan Liang and Jie Zhang and Xintong Hu and Xuhong Huang and Pei Lin and Junyang Lin and Dayiheng Liu and Shuai Bai and Jingren Zhou and Jiazhao Zhang and Haoqi Yuan and Gengze Zhou and Hang Yin and Ye Wang and Yiyang Huang and Zixing Lei and Wujian Peng and Delin Chen and Yingming Zheng and Jingyang Fan and Xianwei Zhuang and Xin Zhou and Haoyang Li and Anzhe Chen and Tong Zhang and Xuejing Liu and Yuchong Sun and Ruizhe Chen and Zhaohai Li and Chenxu Lü and Zhibo Yang and Tao Yu and Xionghui Chen},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.30280},
  year   = {2026}
}