Homemath.OCarXiv:2605.30267

Accelerating Sinkhorn for Entropy-Regularized Optimal Transport

math.OC2026-05v1license

Abstract

We propose Acc-Sinkhorn, a simple accelerated variant of Sinkhorn for entropy-regularized optimal transport (EOT). The method is derived from a bilevel optimization view: Sinkhorn row scaling solves the inner variable uu exactly and defines the reduced dual objective f(v)=minuF(u,v)f(v)=\min_u F(u,v), while the remaining column scaling is a unit-step dual mirror descent step in vv. This structure yields a Hessian-driven Nesterov acceleration that keeps Sinkhorn's scaling form and per-iteration cost, using only extrapolated combinations of Sinkhorn iterates. We prove an O(1/k2)\mathcal{O}(1/k^2) rate under a verifiable stability condition. For an ε\varepsilon-approximation of unregularized OT, the resulting complexity is O~(n2/ε)\widetilde{\mathcal{O}}(n^2/\varepsilon), improved from O~(n2/ε2)\widetilde{\mathcal{O}}(n^2/\varepsilon^2) for Sinkhorn. On synthetic problems, color transfer, and word alignment, Acc-Sinkhorn gives a 10×10\times--30×30\times speedup over Sinkhorn at small regularization.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2605.30267,
  title  = {Accelerating Sinkhorn for Entropy-Regularized Optimal Transport},
  author = {Zeyi Xu and Long Chen},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.30267},
  year   = {2026}
}